Command List

All of these commands are created when you declare your turtles to have breeds, using the breeds command. For each command in this listing, replace the word 'breed' by the actual name of the breed you have created. For example,

breeds [frogs toads]

to go
create-frogs 100
create-toads-and-do 100 [if count-frogs > 50 [setc brown]]
end

Observer

ask-breed [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of turtle commands A list of turtle commands to run

Description:
Asks all turtles of breed frogs to run [list of commands]. The observer will wait for all of the turtles to finish before continuing.

Examples:
ask-frogs [fd 1 rt 90] will make all turtles of breed frogs move forward one step and then turn 90 degrees to the right.

Related Commands:
ask-breed-with ask-list-of-turtles ask-patch-at ask-patches ask-turtle ask-turtles ask-turtles-with
Observer

ask-breed-with [condition] [list-of-commands]

Parameters:
[condition] List of commands list of commands that evaluates to either true or false
[list-of-commands] List of turtle commands list of commands to run

Description:
This observer command asks all of the turtles of the breed specified that satisfy [condition] to run the [list-of-commands]. The observer will wait for the turtles to finish before moving on.

Examples:
ask-frogs-with [color = green] [fd 1] has all of the turtles of color green and breed frogs move forward 1

Related Commands:
ask-breed
Turtle, Observer, Patch

average-of-breed [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of turtle commands A list of commands for the frogs to run which returns a number

Description:
Returns the numerical average of the [list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of breed frogs.

Examples:
average-of-frogs [speed] returns the average speed of all the turtles of breed frogs.

Notes:
If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

When a turtle calls the command, it, itself, is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed-with average-of-patches average-of-turtles max-of-breed median-of-breed min-of-breed mode-of-breed sum-of-breed variance-of-breed
Turtle, Observer, Patch

average-of-breed-with [condition] [list of commands]

Parameters:
[condition] List of turtle commands An expression that returns a true or false value
[list of commands] List of turtle commands A list of commands for the turtles to run which returns a number

Description:
Returns the numerical average of the [list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of breed frogs that satisfy the condition (must return a boolean of true or false) specified by the [condition].

Examples:
average-of-frogs-with [color = red] [speed] returns the average speed of all the red turtles of breed frogs.

Notes:
If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

When a turtle calls the command, it, itself, is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed average-of-patches-with average-of-turtles-with max-of-breed-with median-of-breed-with min-of-breed-with mode-of-breed-with sum-of-breed-with variance-of-breed-with
Turtle, Patch

breed

Description:
Returns the turtle's breed, or if a patch is calling it, the breed of one of the turtles on the patch.

Examples:
if breed = frogs [fd 5] makes all turtles of breed frogs move forward 5 steps.

Related Commands:
breed-at breed-of breed-towards setbreed who
Turtle, Observer, Patch

breed-at xcor ycor

Parameters:
xcor Number offset in the x direction
ycor Number offset in the y direction

Description:
Reports the breed of the turtle xcor units in the x direction and ycor units in the y direction away from the caller.

Examples:
breed-at 5 7 returns the breed of the turtle 5 units to the right and 7 units up from the caller.

Related Commands:
breed breed-of breed-towards setbreed-at
Turtle, Observer, Patch

breed-of number

Parameters:
number Integer id number of the turtle

Description:
Reports the breed of the turtle with ID number.

Examples:
if breed-of 4 = frog [fd 1] makes all the turtles move one step forward if the turtle which who number 4 is of breed frog.

Related Commands:
breed breed-at breed-towards setbreed-of
Turtle, Observer, Patch

breed-towards angle distance

Parameters:
angle Number
distance Number

Description:
Reports the breed of the turtle distance away at an angle of angle.

Examples:
breed-towards 0 1 returns the breed of the turtle one patch ahead of the patch or turtle given the instruction.

Related Commands:
breed breed-at breed-of setbreed-towards
Turtle, Observer

breeds [breed1 breed2 ...]

Parameters:
[breed1 breed2 ...] List or string A list of breed names (usually plural)

Description:
At the top of the Observer or Turtle command centers, place this command:

breeds [frogs toads]

to declare your turtles to have two different breeds, frogs and toads. Once you have done this, you may use any command in the Breeds category to run only on the breed of turtles that you have created.

Examples:
breeds [frogs toads]

to setup
create-frogs 100
create-toads 40
ask-frogs [hop]
ask-toads [ribbit]
end

Related Commands:
patches-own turtles-own
Turtle, Observer, Patch

count-breed

Description:
Returns the number of turtles whose breed is frogs.

Related Commands:
count-breed-at count-breed-here count-breed-towards count-breed-with count-turtles
Turtle, Observer, Patch

count-breed-at xcor ycor

Parameters:
xcor Number units in the x direction away from the caller
ycor Number units in the y direction away from the caller

Description:
Returns the number of turtles whose breed is frogs which are xcor units in the x direction and ycor units in the y direction away from the caller.

Related Commands:
count-breed count-breed-here count-breed-towards count-breed-with count-turtles-at
Turtle, Observer, Patch

count-breed-at-with xcor ycor [condition]

Parameters:
xcor Number number of steps in the x-direction from the caller
ycor Number number of steps in the y-direction from the caller
[condition] List of turtle commands list of commands that returns true or false

Description:
Returns the number of turtles of the breed specified that are xcor units away in the x-direction and ycor units away in the y-direction from the caller, and also satisfy [condition].

Examples:
if count-cars-at-with 1 1 [color = red] > 1 [fd 1] will have all of the turtles move forward who have more than one red turtle of breed cars 1 unit away in the x-direction and 1 unit away in the y-direction


Turtle, Patch

count-breed-here

Description:
Returns the number of turtles whose breed is frogs which are on the current patch.

Examples:
if count-frogs-here > 2 [setc blue] makes the turtle set its color to blue if there are more than two turtles of type frog on its current patch.

Related Commands:
count-breed count-breed-at count-breed-towards count-breed-with count-turtles-here
Turtle, Patch

count-breed-here-with [condition]

Parameters:
[condition] List of turtle commands list of commands that evaluates to either true or false

Description:
Returns the number of turtles of the breed specified on the caller's patch that meet the condition specified in [condition].

Examples:
if count-cars-here-with [color = red] > 1 [fd 1] This will cause all of the turtles on a patch with more than one red turtle of the breed cars on it to move forward one.


Turtle, Observer, Patch

count-breed-towards angle distance

Parameters:
angle Number angle from the direction the caller is facing
distance Number distance away from the caller

Description:
Returns the number of turtles whose breed is frogs which are located at the patch distance away at angle angle.

Examples:
count-frogs-towards 0 1 returns the number of turthles whose breed is frogs one patch ahead of the caller.

Notes:
Note the angle is measured from the direction the caller is facing.

Related Commands:
count-breed count-breed-at count-breed-here count-breed-with count-turtles-towards
Turtle, Observer, Patch

count-breed-towards-with angle distance [condition]

Parameters:
angle Number angle from caller
distance Number distance from caller
[condition] List of turtle commands list of commands that returns true or false

Description:
Returns the number of turtles of the breed specified that are distance units away at an angle of angle from the caller, that also satisfy [condition].

Examples:
if count-molecules-towards 0 1 [color = blue] > 1 [fd 1] will have all of the turtles with more than one blue turtle of breed molecules directly in front of them move forwards one space.


Turtle, Observer, Patch

count-breed-with [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of commands condition to determine whether a frog is counted

Description:
Returns the number of turtles whose breed is frogs and satisfy the conditions (must return a boolean of true or false) specified by [list of commands].

Examples:
count-frogs-with [color = blue] returns the number of blue frogs.

Related Commands:
count-breed count-breed-at count-breed-here count-breed-towards count-turtles-with
Observer

create-breed number

Parameters:
number Number number of turtles to create

Description:
Creates number of turtles and assigns breed as their breed.

Examples:
create-frogs 2 creates two turtles of breed frogs.

create-cars 5 creates five turtles of breed cars.

Related Commands:
create-breed-and-do create-custom-turtles create-turtles
Observer

create-breed-and-do number [list-of-commands]

Parameters:
number Number number of turtles to create
[list-of-commands] List of commands commands for newly created turtles to run

Description:
Creates number of turtles and assigns breed as their breed. The turtles then execute [list-of-commands].

Examples:
create-frogs-and-do 5 [fd 3] would create 5 turtles of breed frogs and make them all move forward 3 steps.

Related Commands:
create-breed create-turtles-and-do
Turtle, Observer, Patch

list-of-breed

Description:
Returns a list of the who numbers of the turtles of the breed specified by breed.

Examples:
list-of-frogs returns a list of all of the turtles of breed frogs

list-of-cars returns a list of all of the turtles of breed cars

Related Commands:
list-of-breed-at list-of-breed-here list-of-breed-towards list-of-breed-with list-of-turtles
Turtle, Observer, Patch

list-of-breed-at xcor ycor

Parameters:
xcor Number number of units away in the x direction
ycor Number number of units away in the y direction

Description:
Returns a list of the who numbers of the turtles of the breed specified by breed xcor units in the x direction and ycor units in the y direction away from the caller.

Examples:
list-of-frogs-at 1 1 returns a list of the who numbers of the turtles of breed frogs one unit to the right and one unit above the caller.

list-of-cars-at 3 5 returns a list of the who numbers of the turtles of breed cars three units to the right and five units above the caller.

Related Commands:
list-of-breed list-of-turtles-at list-of-turtles-at-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

list-of-breed-at-with xcor ycor [condition]

Parameters:
xcor Number number of steps in the x-direction from the caller
ycor Number number of steps in the y-direction from the caller
[condition] List of turtle commands list of commands that returns true or false

Description:
Returns a list of all of the turtles of the breed specified xcor units away in the x-direction and ycor units away in the y-direction from the caller that also satisfy [condition].

Examples:
set blue_balloons list-of-balloons-at-with 1 1 [color = blue] will set the variable blue_balloons to a list of the who numbers of all of the blue turtles of breed balloons one unit away in the x-direction and one unit away in the y-direction from the caller.

Related Commands:
list-of-breed-here-with list-of-breed-towards-with list-of-turtles-at-with
Turtle, Patch

list-of-breed-here

Description:
Returns a list of turtles of the breed specified by breed on the caller's patch.

Examples:
list-of-frogs-here returns a list of turtles of breed frogs on the caller's patch.

list-of-cars-here returns a list of turtles of breed cars on the caller's patch.

Related Commands:
list-of-breed list-of-breed-here-with list-of-turtles-here
Turtle, Patch

list-of-breed-here-with [condition]

Parameters:
[condition] List of turtle commands list of commands that evaluates to either true or false

Description:
Returns the a list of the turtles of the breed specified on the caller's patch that meet the condition specified in [condition].

Examples:
set blue_balloons list-of-balloons-here-with [color = blue] will set the variable blue_balloons to a list of all of the blue turtles' who numbers of the breed ballons that are the same patch as the caller.

Related Commands:
list-of-breed-at-with list-of-breed-here list-of-breed-towards-with list-of-turtles-here-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

list-of-breed-towards angle distance

Parameters:
angle Number angle from the caller
distance Number distance away from the caller

Description:
Returns a list of the who numbers of the turtles of the breed specifed by breed at the patch angle away at angle distance from the caller.

Examples:
list-of-frogs-towards 0 1 returns a list of the turtles of breed frog directly ahead and one patch away from the caller.

list-of-cars-towards 90 5 returns a list of the turtles of breed cars 90 degreses to the right and five patches away from the caller.

Related Commands:
list-of-breed list-of-breed-towards-with list-of-turtles-towards
Turtle, Observer, Patch

list-of-breed-towards-with angle distance [condition]

Parameters:
angle Number angle from caller
distance Number distance from caller
[condition] List of turtle commands list of commands that returns true or false

Description:
Returns a list of all of the turtles of the breed specified distance units away at an angle angle from the caller who also satisfy [condition].

Examples:
set red_cars list-of-cars-towards-with 0 1 [color = red] will set the variable red_cars to a list of the who numbers of all of the red turtles of breed cars one unit away and directly in front of the caller.

Related Commands:
list-of-breed-at-with list-of-breed-here-with list-of-breed-towards list-of-turtles-towards-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

list-of-breed-with [condition]

Parameters:
[condition] List of turtle commands list of commands that evaluates to true or false

Description:
Returns a list of turtles of breed indicated by breed satisfying condition.

Examples:
list-of-frogs-with [color = green] will return a list of turtles that are breed frogs and have color green.

list-of-cars-with [color = black] will return a list of turtles that are breed cars and have color black.

Notes:
Note [condition] must be a boolean statement and return true or false.

Related Commands:
list-of-breed list-of-turtles-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

max-of-breed [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of commands list of commands that evaluate to a number

Description:
Reports the highest value of [list of commands] when run over the turtles of the breed specified by breed.

Examples:
max-of-frogs [speed] returns the turtle of breed frogs with the highest value of speed.

max-of-cars [size] returns the turtle of breed cars with the highest value of size.

Notes:
This command can also be executed by patches, for example within an ask-patches statement.

If [list of commands] contains no numbers, the smallest possible number is returned. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

When a turtle calls the command, it is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed max-of-turtles median-of-breed min-of-breed mode-of-breed sdev-of-breed sum-of-breed variance-of-breed
Turtle, Observer, Patch

max-of-breed-with [condition] [list of commands]

Parameters:
[condition] List of commands list of commands that evaluates to true or false
[list of commands] List of commands list of commands that evaluate to a number

Description:
Reports the highest value of [list of commands] when run over the turtles of breed specified by breed that satisfy [condition]. If there are no turtles of this breed for which [condition] is true, returns minnum, the smallest number possible without going into negative infinity.

Examples:
max-of-frogs-with [color = red] [speed] returns the red turtle with the greatest speed of breed frogs.

max-of-cars-with [color = blue] [size] returns the blue turtle with the greatest size of breed cars.

Notes:
This command can also be executed by patches, for example within an ask-patches statement.

If [list of commands] contains no numbers, the smallest possible number is returned. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

When a turtle calls the command, it is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed-with median-of-breed-with min-of-breed-with min-of-turtles-with mode-of-breed-with sdev-of-breed-with sum-of-breed-with variance-of-breed-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

median-of-breed [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of commands list of commands that evaluate to a number

Description:
Returns the median of the [list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of the specified breed.

Examples:
median-of-frogs [speed] returns the median speed of all the turtles of breed frogs.

median-of-cars [size] returns the median size of all the turtles of breed cars.

Notes:
If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

When a turtle calls the command, it is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed max-of-breed median-of-turtles min-of-breed mode-of-breed sdev-of-breed sum-of-breed variance-of-breed
Turtle, Observer, Patch

median-of-breed-with [1st list of commands] [2nd list of commands]

Parameters:
[1st list of commands] List of commands list of commands that evaluates to true or false
[2nd list of commands] List of commands list of commands that evaluate to a number

Description:
Returns the median of the [2nd list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of the breed specified that satisfy the conditions specified by the [1st list of commands].

Examples:
median-of-frogs-with [color = red] [speed] returns the median speed of all the red turtles of breed frogs.

median-of-cars-with [size > 4] [speed] returns the median speed of all the turtles of size greater than 4 with breed cars.

Notes:
If [2nd list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [2nd list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

When a turtle calls the command, it is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed-with max-of-breed-with median-of-turtles-with min-of-breed-with mode-of-breed-with sdev-of-breed-with sum-of-breed-with variance-of-breed-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

min-of-breed [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of turtle commands list of commands that evaluate to a number

Description:
Reports the lowest value of [list of commands] when run over the turtles of the breed specified by breed.

Examples:
min-of-frogs [speed] reports the speed of the slowest turtle of breed frog.

min-of-cars [mileage] reports the mileage of the turtle of breed car with the lowest mileage.

Notes:
Note: This command can also be executed by patches, for example within an ask-patches statement.

Note: If [list of commands] contains no numbers, the greatest possible number is returned. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

Note: When a turtle calls the command, it is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed max-of-breed median-of-breed min-of-breed-with mode-of-breed sdev-of-breed sum-of-breed variance-of-breed
Turtle, Observer, Patch

min-of-breed-with [condition] [list of commands]

Parameters:
[condition] List of turtle commands list of commands that evaluates to true or false
[list of commands] List of turtle commands list of commands to that evaluate to a number

Description:
Reports the lowest value of [list of commands] when run over the turtles of the breed specified that satisfy [condition]. If there are no turtles of the breed specified in which [condition] is true, returns maxnum, the largest number possible without going into positive infinity.

Examples:
min-of-frogs-with [habitat = tree] [height] reports the height of the shortest turtle of breed frog with habitat tree.

min-of-cars-with [color = red] [speed] reports the speed of the slowest red turtle of breed car.

Notes:
Note: This command can also be executed by patches, for example within an ask-patches statement.

Note: If [condition] contains no numbers, the greatest possible number is returned. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

Note: When a turtle calls the command, it is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed-with max-of-breed-with median-of-breed-with min-of-breed mode-of-breed-with sdev-of-breed-with sum-of-breed-with variance-of-breed-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

mode-of-breed [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of commands list of commands that evaluate to a number

Description:
Returns the mode of the [list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of breed specified by breed.

Examples:
mode-of-frogs [speed] returns the mode of the speed of all the turtles of breed frogs.

Notes:
Note: If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

Note: If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

Note: When a turtle calls the command, it is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed max-of-breed median-of-breed min-of-breed mode-of-breed-with mode-of-turtles sdev-of-breed sum-of-breed variance-of-breed
Turtle, Observer, Patch

mode-of-breed-with [condition] [list of commands]

Parameters:
[condition] List of turtle commands list of commands that evaluate to true or false
[list of commands] List of turtle commands list of commands to that evaluate to a number

Description:
Returns the mode of the [list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of the breed specified by breed that satisfy the [condition].

Examples:
mode-of-frogs-with [color = red] [speed] returns the mode of the speed of all the red turtles of breed frogs.

mode-of-cars-with [brand = honda] [mileage] returns the mode of the mileage of all the turtles of breed car with brand honda.

Notes:
Note: If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

Note: When a turtle calls the command, it is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed-with max-of-breed-with median-of-breed-with min-of-breed-with mode-of-breed mode-of-turtles-with sdev-of-breed-with sum-of-breed-with variance-of-breed-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

one-of-breed

Description:
Returns a random turtle from the specified breed.

Related Commands:
count-turtles list-of-turtles one-of-breed-at one-of-breed-at-with one-of-breed-here one-of-breed-here-with one-of-breed-towards one-of-breed-towards-with one-of-breed-with one-of-turtles
Turtle, Observer, Patch

one-of-breed-at xcor ycor

Parameters:
xcor Number x-coordinate
ycor Number y-coordinate

Description:
Returns a random turtle of breed breed xcor units in the x direction and ycor units in the y direction away from the caller.

Examples:
one-of-frogs-at 1 1 returns a random turtle of breed frogs one unit to the right and one unit above the caller.

Related Commands:
one-of-breed one-of-breed-at-with one-of-breed-here one-of-breed-towards one-of-turtles-at
Turtle, Observer, Patch

one-of-breed-at-with xcor ycor [condition]

Parameters:
xcor Number number of steps in the x-direction from the caller
ycor Number number of steps in the y-direction from the caller
[condition] List of commands list of commands that returns true or false

Description:
Returns a random turtle of the breed specified that satisfies [condition] that is on the patch xcor units away in the x direction and ycor units away in the y direction

Examples:
one-of-dogs-at-with 1 1 [color = brown] returns a turtle of breed dog that is 1 unit away in the x direction, 1 unit away in the y direction and is brown

Related Commands:
one-of-breed one-of-breed-at one-of-breed-here-with one-of-breed-towards-with one-of-turtles-at-with
Turtle, Patch

one-of-breed-here

Description:
Returns a random turtle of the specified breed on the caller's patch other than the caller.

Examples:
kill one-of-frogs-here commands the caller to kill a random turtle of breed frogs that is on the caller's patch.

Related Commands:
count-turtles-here list-of-turtles-here one-of-breed one-of-breed-at one-of-breed-here-with one-of-breed-towards one-of-turtles-here
Turtle, Patch

one-of-breed-here-with [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of commands list of commands that evaluates to either true or false

Description:
Returns a random turtle of the breed specified that satisfies [list of commands] and is on the same patch as the caller.

Examples:
one-of-cars-here-with [color = red] returns a turtle of breed car on the same patch as the color that is red.

Related Commands:
one-of-breed one-of-breed-at-with one-of-breed-here one-of-breed-towards-with one-of-turtles-here-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

one-of-breed-towards angle distance

Parameters:
angle Number
distance Number

Description:
Returns a random turtle of the specified breed at the patch angle away at angle distance from the caller.

Examples:
one-of-frogs-towards 0 1 returns a random turtle of breed frogs one unit directly in front of the caller.

Related Commands:
one-of-breed one-of-breed-at one-of-breed-here one-of-breed-towards-with one-of-turtles-towards-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

one-of-breed-towards-with angle distance [condition]

Parameters:
angle Number angle from caller
distance Number distance from caller
[condition] List of turtle commands list of commands that returns true or false

Description:
Returns a random turtle of the breed specified that is at a distance distance and an angle angle from the caller that satisfies [condition]

Examples:
one-of-mice-towards-with 180 1 [color = blue] returns a random turtle of breed mice and color blue that is one space behind the caller

Related Commands:
one-of-breed one-of-breed-at-with one-of-breed-here-with one-of-breed-towards one-of-turtles-towards-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

one-of-breed-with [condition]

Parameters:
[condition] List of commands list of commands that evaluates to either true or false

Description:
Returns a random turtle that satisfies [condition].

Examples:
one-of-frogs-with [color = red] returns a random turtle that is red and of breed frogs

Related Commands:
one-of-breed one-of-turtles-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

sdev-of-breed [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of commands

Description:
Returns the standard deviation of the [list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of breed frogs.

Notes:
If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

When a turtle calls the command, it is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
max-of-breed median-of-breed min-of-breed mode-of-breed sdev-of-breed-with sdev-of-turtles sum-of-breed variance-of-breed
Turtle, Observer, Patch

sdev-of-breed-with [first list of commands] [second list of commands]

Parameters:
[first list of commands] List of commands
[second list of commands] List of commands

Description:
Returns the standard deviation of the [second list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of breed frogs that satisfy the conditions (must return a boolean of true or false) specified by the [first list of commands].

Examples:
sdev-of-frogs-with [color = red] [speed] returns the standard deviation of the speed of all the red turtles of breed frogs.

Notes:
If [second list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [second list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

When a turtle calls the command, it is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
max-of-breed-with median-of-breed-with min-of-breed-with mode-of-breed-with sdev-of-breed sdev-of-turtles-with sum-of-breed-with variance-of-breed-with
Turtle

setbreed breedname

Parameters:
breedname Breed

Description:
Sets the turtle's breed to breedname.

Examples:
setbreed frogs sets the turtle's breed to frogs.

Related Commands:
breed setbreed-at setbreed-of setbreed-towards
Turtle, Observer, Patch

setbreed-at xcor ycor breedname

Parameters:
xcor Number x offset
ycor Number y offset
breedname Breed

Description:
Sets the breed of the turtle xcor units in the x direction and ycor units in the y direction away from the caller to breedname.

Examples:
setbreed-at 1 1 fish sets the breed of the turtle one unit to the right and one unit above the caller to fish.

Related Commands:
breed-at setbreed setbreed-of setbreed-towards
Turtle, Observer, Patch

setbreed-of number breedname

Parameters:
number Number
breedname Breed

Description:
Sets the breed of the turtle with who number number to the breed breedname.

Examples:
setbreed-of 2 fish sets the breed of the turtle with who number 2 to fish.

Related Commands:
breed-of setbreed setbreed-at setbreed-towards
Turtle, Observer, Patch

setbreed-towards angle distance breedname

Parameters:
angle Number
distance Number
breedname Breed

Description:
Sets the breed of the turtle angle away in the direction arg2 to breedname.

Examples:
setbreed towards 0 1 fish sets the breed of the turtle one unit directly in front of the caller to fish.

Related Commands:
breed-towards setbreed setbreed-at setbreed-of
Turtle, Observer, Patch

sum-of-breed [list-of-commands]

Parameters:
[list-of-commands] List of commands list of commands that return a number

Description:
Reports the sum of [list-of-commands] for all the turtles of the breed specified.

Examples:
sum-of-frogs [weight] returns the sum of all the frogs' weights.

sum-of-cars [speed] returns the sum of all the cars' weights.

Notes:
When a turtle calls the command, it is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed max-of-breed median-of-breed min-of-breed mode-of-breed sdev-of-breed sum-of-breed-with sum-of-turtles variance-of-breed
Turtle, Observer, Patch

sum-of-breed-with [condition] [list-of-commands]

Parameters:
[condition] List of commands list of commands that evalutes to true or false
[list-of-commands] List of commands list of commands that return a number

Description:
Reports the total value of [list-of-commands] when run over the turtles of the breed specified that satisfy [condition]. If there are no turtles of the specified breedin which [list-of-commands] is true, 0 is returned.

Notes:
Note: This command can
also be executed by patches, for example within an ask-patches statement.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed-with max-of-breed-with median-of-breed-with min-of-breed-with mode-of-breed-with sdev-of-breed-with sum-of-breed sum-of-turtles-with variance-of-breed-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

variance-of-breed [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of turtle commands A list of commands for the frogs to run which returns a number

Description:
Returns the numerical variance of the [list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of breed frogs.

Examples:
variance-of-frogs [speed] returns the variance of the speeds of all the turtles of breed frogs.

Notes:
If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

When a turtle calls the command, it, itself, is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed max-of-breed median-of-breed min-of-breed mode-of-breed sdev-of-breed sum-of-breed variance-of-breed-with variance-of-turtles
Turtle, Observer, Patch

variance-of-breed-with [condition] [list of commands]

Parameters:
[condition] List of turtle commands An expression that returns a true or false value
[list of commands] List of turtle commands A list of commands for the turtles to run which returns a number

Description:
Returns the numerical variance of the [list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of breed frogs that satisfy the condition (must return a boolean of true or false) specified by the [condition].

Examples:
variance-of-frogs-with [color = red] [speed] returns the variance of the speeds of all the red turtles of breed frogs.

Notes:
If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

When a turtle calls the command, it, itself, is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
average-of-breed-with max-of-breed-with median-of-breed-with min-of-breed-with mode-of-breed-with sdev-of-breed-with sum-of-breed-with variance-of-breed variance-of-turtles-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

who-max-of-breed [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of turtle commands A list of commands for the frogs to run which returns a number

Description:
Returns a list of two elements: the turtle ID with the maximum value of the [list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of breed frogs, and that maximum value.

Examples:
who-max-of-frogs [energy] returns a list with the who number of the frog with the most energy and the highest energy value: [2 5].

Notes:
If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

When a turtle calls the command, it, itself, is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
who-max-of-breed-with who-max-of-turtles who-min-of-breed
Turtle, Observer, Patch

who-max-of-breed-with [condition] [list of commands]

Parameters:
[condition] List of turtle commands An expression that returns a true or false value
[list of commands] List of turtle commands A list of commands for the turtles to run which returns a number

Description:
Returns a list of the turtle with the maximum value of [list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of breed frogs that satisfy the condition (must return a boolean of true or false) specified by the [condition]., and the maximum value.

Examples:
who-max-of-frogs-with [color = red] [energy] returns a list with the who number of the red frog with the most energy and the highest energy value: [2 5].

Notes:
If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

If no turtles satisfy [condition], who-max-of-frogs-with returns [nobody minnum].

When a turtle calls the command, it, itself, is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
who-max-of-breed who-max-of-turtles-with who-min-of-breed-with
Turtle, Observer, Patch

who-min-of-breed [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of turtle commands A list of commands for the turtles to run which returns a number

Description:
Returns a list of two elements: the turtle ID with the minimum value of the [list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of breed frogs, and that minimum value

Examples:
who-min-of-frogs [energy] returns a list with the who number of the frog with the least energy and the smallest energy value: [34 0.4].

Notes:
If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

When a turtle calls the command, it, itself, is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
who-max-of-breed who-min-of-breed-with who-min-of-turtles
Turtle, Observer, Patch

who-min-of-breed-with [condition] [list of commands]

Parameters:
[condition] List of turtle commands An expression that returns a true or false value
[list of commands] List of turtle commands A list of commands for the turtles to run which returns a number

Description:
Returns a list of the turtle with the minimum value of [list of commands] when evaluated across all the turtles of breed frogs that satisfy the condition (must return a boolean of true or false) specified by the [condition]., and the minimum value.

Examples:
who-min-of-frogs-with [color = red] [energy] returns a list with the who number of the red frog with the least energy and the smallest energy value: [34 0.4].

Notes:
If [list of commands] contains no numbers, an error occurs. If some of the [list of commands], when evaluated, are not numbers, those values are ignored.

If no turtles satisfy [condition], who-min-of-frogs-with returns [nobody maxnum].

When a turtle calls the command, it, itself, is not included as part of the calculation.

Related Commands:
who-max-of-breed-with who-min-of-breed